Monster Oasis

覺得累就是進步的開始!

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sudo dpkg -i package_name

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昨天晚上去一位朋友公司幫忙用他們的 server , 回來就想要做幾件事:

1. 記錄一下自己的 server 某些重要檔案, 也可供其他人參考

2. 備份重要 file

3. 隨時準備好最新版的救援CD/Live CD/Live USB , 最新版的 Monster LAMP pack 也要燒好收著.

4. 準備一個 “萬用” 含各類 driver 的 linux kernel , 以供救援使用.

5. 搞懂 booting steps / GRUB setting

root@park:~# cat /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'vol_id --uuid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#              

proc            /proc           proc    defaults        0       0
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=46312252-8925-4e60-ab5f-af240b4b440f /               ext3    relatime,errors=remount-ro 0       1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=bf9a64f1-3eb8-433c-8311-8d971be82dc2 none            swap    sw              0       0
/dev/scd0       /media/cdrom0   udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0       0

service / daemon 管理工具

sysv-rc-conf text based utility :

sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

另一套 GUI

sudo apt-get install gnome-system-tools

monster.tw 是裝這個 apt-get install rcconf

列出 runlevels 的 program : chkconfig

裝 圖形介面 / GUI / gnome desktop

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop --no-install-recommends

啟動 desktop manager :

/etc/init.d/gdm start

stop x server / 關掉 x window: /etc/init.d/gdm stop

改 IP address

cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 172.30.0.42
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        network 172.30.0.0
        broadcast 172.30.0.255
        gateway 172.30.0.1
        # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
        dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
        dns-search monster.tw

重新啟動 networking
/etc/init.d/networking restart

若要使用 DHCP 的話

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

加上 default route

gateway 1.2.3.4

或另一個 static route

up route add -net 1.2.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 1.2.3.4

change host name:

改 /etc/hostname
改 /etc/hosts

若是用 vmware 之類的軟體導致 clone 出來的 ubuntu 網路 interface 跑掉, 可以砍掉
/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
後 reboot , 就可以解決了.

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裝 memcached :

apt-get install memcached

/etc/default/memcached 裡面設 yes –> 啟用 設定檔 /etc/memcached.conf

裝 php5 的 memcache extension

apt-get install php5-memcache

會產生 /etc/php5/conf.d/memcache.ini 內容是

extension=memcache.so

[memcache]
memcache.dbpath="/var/lib/memcache"
memcache.maxreclevel=0
memcache.maxfiles=0
memcache.archivememlim=0
memcache.maxfilesize=0
memcache.maxratio=0

—– 以下是舊的方法, 2010.0630 前

裝 pecl memcache

aptitude install libevent-dev

因為 pecl 要用到 phpize , 所以要裝 php5-dev 套件

apt-get install php5-dev

apt-get install php-pear

pecl install memcache

裝好了, 要在 /etc/php5/conf.d 設一個檔 memcache.ini

cat > /etc/php5/conf.d/memcache.ini
extension=memcache.so

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1. Searching for packages apt-cache
sudo apt-cache search package1

2. Getting more Information about a package apt-cache
sudo apt-cache show package1 package2 …

3. Installing a package apt-get install
sudo apt-get install package1 package2 …
sudo apt-get install package1 –reinstall

4. Removing packages apt-get remove
sudo apt-get remove package1 package2
complete remove:
sudo apt-get remove package1 package2 –purge

5. Update your package database apt-get update
sudo apt-get update

6. Upgrading your system apt-get [dist-]upgrade
sudo apt-get upgrade

The smart upgrade with:
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

7. Resolving conflicts and Broken packages apt-get
sudo apt-get -f install

8. Checking for dependencies and reverse dependencies apt-cache
apt-cache depends package1 package2
apt-cache rdepends package1 package2

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ifconfig eth0 ${IP_ADDR} broadcast ${BROADCAST} netmask ${NETMASK} up

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a2enmod module_name

a2dismod module_name

重啟 apache : service apache2 restart

/etc/apache2/mods-available 下面有可用的 modules

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URL : http://wiki.ubuntu-tw.org/index.php?title=Ubuntu_%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9

service

用來啟動、停止和檢查這些 daemon 的狀態。例如：

    * service –status-all => 列出目前所有 daemon 的狀態
    * sudo service XXX start => 馬上啟動 XXX daemon
    * sudo service XXX stop => 馬上關閉 XXX daemon
    * service XXX status => 檢查 XXX 的狀態

rcconf

用來控制系統開機時是否要執行這些 daemon。例如：

    * sudo rcconf –list => 列出目前所有 daemon 的啟動設定
    * sudo rcconf –on XXX => 設定 XXX daemon 開機時自動啟動
    * sudo rcconf –off XXX => 設定 XXX daemon 開機時不自動啟動

若你的系統沒有 rcconf 指令，請按以下方式安裝：

    sudo apt-get install rcconf

讓Ubuntu指令自動加色彩 : http://nckuhuahua.pixnet.net/blog/post/29099339

LAMP 套件的apt指令
sudo apt-get install apache2 libapache2-mod-php5 php5 php5-gd mysql-server php5-mysql

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

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